Rising saltwater levels and past climate change events have led to the disappearance of over 100,000 acres of Atlantic white cedar forests in southern New Jersey, leaving behind haunting “ghost forests.
In the woodlands of southern New Jersey, a disturbing phenomenon is unfolding. “Ghost forests” are emerging as saltwater infiltrates the soil, killing off the remaining Atlantic white cedar trees. This dire situation is the result of a cycle that involves past climate change events, such as Superstorm Sandy, and extensive logging, which depleted the fresh water in the soil. With over 100,000 acres lost, foresters are now racing against time to restore the land and prevent ecological repercussions that could impact hundreds of thousands of people.
The Role of Atlantic White Cedars in New Jersey’s Aquifer
Lying beneath the surface of southern New Jersey is the Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer, a vast underground reservoir containing approximately 17 trillion gallons of fresh water. This aquifer provides drinking water to nearly 1 million people. The Atlantic white cedar trees played a crucial role in maintaining the aquifer’s freshness by preventing saltwater intrusion. Acting as “kidneys” of the Pinelands, these majestic trees filtered the water, contributing to the unique cedar water of the region.
The Ecological Importance of Atlantic White Cedar Forests
Beyond their role in preserving the aquifer, Atlantic white cedar forests are vital ecosystems that support a diverse range of fauna. Bill Pitts, a senior zoologist at the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, emphasizes the significance of these forests in creating a mosaic of habitat types. The presence of cedar swamps amidst the pine forests enhances biodiversity and provides essential habitats for various species. By losing these forests, the delicate balance of the ecosystem is disrupted.
The Legacy of Logging and Rising Sea Levels
The decline of Atlantic white cedar forests can be traced back to extensive logging that occurred for decades. These trees were sought after for various materials, including homes, leading to a significant reduction in their numbers. Furthermore, rising sea levels, which have increased by 4 inches in the last 30 years, have exacerbated the problem. Saltwater has crept into the soil, further diminishing the suitable conditions for the cedars to thrive. As a result, the state has witnessed a drastic decline from over 125,000 acres of Atlantic white cedar a century ago to a mere 25,000 acres today.
Restoration Efforts and Hope for the Future
Despite the grim situation, restoration efforts are underway to reclaim the lost acres of Atlantic white cedar forests. Following the destruction caused by Superstorm Sandy in 2012, a state-led initiative was launched to replant trees and replenish the devastated areas. At Double Trouble State Park, a cedar patch that was wiped out by the storm is now showing signs of regrowth, thanks to these restoration efforts. Foresters remain hopeful that these new trees will mature into a thriving cedar city.
Conclusion: The disappearance of Atlantic white cedar forests in southern New Jersey is a cause for concern, not only for the loss of a precious resource but also for the ecological and societal implications it entails. As efforts continue to restore these ghost forests, the hope is to preserve the delicate balance of the ecosystem and ensure the longevity of the Kirkwood-Cohansey Aquifer. With the stakes high and the challenges ahead, it is crucial to recognize the importance of these ancient trees and the role they play in safeguarding our environment.
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